These are most of the chords you are ever going to need to learn. Below are where you will see types of music some chords are played in.
Chords in green: Most common. augmented: A major chord with a raised 5th 6 & min. 6: Major or minor with an added 6th. (Jazz) min. 7: 7 chord but with minor 3rd maj. 7: major chord w/ 7th note in scale (Jazz) 9, 11, & 13: 9 is a chord with a 9th built on top, progressing with 11ths and 13ths. 7#5 7b5: 7#5 means a seventh w/ augmented 5th and 7b5 means a seventh w/ a dimminished 5th. sus: stands for suspended C/G: Major chord with G at the bottom