********************************************************************************READ FULL NOTES AND CREDITS (before starting the project) ******************************************************************************** INFORMATION The six types of simple machines are usually made to do the same jobs - converting a small, long-distance force into a large, small-distance force. We see the power of simple machines in the wedges. A wedge is used to amplify forces at its pointed end. When you push gently on the flat end, you are pushing the whole side. The force then pushes at the pointed end much more strongly, because there is less wedge material to push. This allows us to split wood with axes easily. In levers, we can do it the other way around - turning a large, short-distance force into a small, long-distance force. Why would this be useful? Well, when you don't need a strong force but need a to move something very far. In a class 3 lever, the effort is applied in the middle and the fulcrum at one end makes the load at the other end move farther. An example of a class 3 lever is chopsticks. You push against a chopstick, allowing it to turn around a fulcrum - the gap between your fingers. The end of the chopsticks moves more, so you can grab large things weakly with a lots of effort - whether the convenience of not having to move so much pays off is your choice. A pulley is counted using blocks, which is the number of wheels the string winds through and creates sections of pulley with. Sometimes, simple machines like a one-block pulley don't change distance or force. Instead, they change direction. Pulling down on a once-block pulley makes the load rise up, and since all objects fall towards the body with greatest gravitational attraction on them, you can cling on to the string to pull it down. This is easier than lifting the load directly, even though the force needed is the same (with a one-block pulley, you can use your weight as the force). A class 1 lever can also be less useful. For example, if the fulcrum is in the exact middle of the load and effort, the distance traveled by either object is the same, and so the force cannot be amplified (made stronger). Now, the effort and load are in opposite directions but there is no change in force. Mechanical advantage is how strong a simple machine is - comparing its load to its effort in most cases. In class 3 levers, the effort is always greater than the load if you want to raise or move the load, so the mechanical advantage is always less than one. One-block pulleys have a mechanical advantage of exactly one, since the force is not made greater. Same with seesaw levers. A ramp is a simple machine that is a form of the inclined plane. Since things slide more easily than they move upwards, ramps convert the direct upward motion into a sideways-and-upward motion, where the distance upwards is still the same but the distance sideways is increased greatly. Because of the change, we know that the force must be amplified by the ramp as we need less effort (we are traveling farther, and in a direction that is not opposed by gravity). So, depending on friction, a ramp can be very useful. Screws are a disguised form of the powerful incline plane (which is basically a category of simple machines). The inclined plane spirals up the screw. How does this help? Well, because we are traveling in a direction not opposed by the toughness of the wood we are drilling into, we are using another distance - sideways. So, we are moving much more than when pushing a nail, but this distance means that when we drill in, we are effectively amplifying the force by trying to turn that long distance into a shorter distance (in another direction), so we amplify the force. Finally, wheels. Wheels spin around on an axle. The most powerful and basic use of the wheel is that the objects roll easier than they slide. It's because a lot of friction is reduced when only a small point of an object (usually less than one cm squared) is touching the surface at a time. So, we use wheels to move things around. The axle is a support for the wheel. In ball bearings, we see that the object sliding through it is not actually sliding - it's a surface, and the balls in the bearing are rolling to let it pass. In other words, it's sliding on a bunch of metallic balls, all rolling in the direction of the bearing. Thanks for reading! Read the Notes and Credits section below!
SIMPLE MACHINES Simple Machines are tools designed to do a certain task - increasing the power of human beings. There are six basic types of these tools that are combined together to create actual machines - usually not electronic devices, but cars, pianos, and toys are common examples. Simple machines are, not surprisingly, very simple and beautiful things. They are the building blocks for complex machines and are the most powerful tools in the world. PEN PROJECT I decided to create a project using only Pen to draw things. I think it works pretty well, and I worked hard on it. It draws all of the six types of simple machines. INSTRUCTIONS This runs automatically, so please just click the Green Flag, sit back, and watch. However, please read the permission & use below, and reading the informative sections below are optional. CREDITS & USE use Please don't use anything - sprite, costume, script, etc. - in your projects unless you ask for permission first. Remixing without changing anything is not allowed, and only changing colors is not either. You do not have to ask for permission to remix, as it is free for everyone to remix - however, anything inside the project must be asked for permission to use if not a remix. If you remix or use anything in your projects, you MUST give credit. You must give credits in the Project, in this section. Make sure to also ask for permission first (because I do not trust anyone enough for free using with credit). credits Code - @CodeBit Pen Work - @CodeBit Inspiration - @CodeBit Implementation - @CodeBit Information - Books (DK Eyewitness Force and Motion)
